{"id":10111,"date":"2024-01-26T18:08:11","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T16:08:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=10111"},"modified":"2024-01-26T18:08:18","modified_gmt":"2024-01-26T16:08:18","slug":"sol-esitlik-ozgurluk-adalet-mustafa-batak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=10111","title":{"rendered":"Sol: E\u015fitlik, \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, Adalet – Mustafa Batak"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n neresinde ya\u015f\u0131yor olursak olal\u0131m, kendimizi, hangi de\u011ferlere ait, hangi etnik kimlik, dil, din ve y\u00f6nelime sahip hissedersek edelim, sol \u2013 sa\u011f terimlerini i\u015fitir, felsefi ve ideolojik s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131na rastlar\u0131z. \u0130nsanl\u0131k, tarih boyunca \u00fcretti\u011fi teknoloji ve entelekt\u00fcel birikimler neticesinde siyasi, ekonomik, sosyal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, sanatsal ve daha bir\u00e7ok ya\u015famsal ihtiyaca y\u00f6nelik olgu ve de\u011fer in\u015fa etti. Bu de\u011ferler, her ne kadar \u00fclkelerin yerel ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterse de de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermeyen ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131 kapsamay\u0131 ba\u015farabilen ender \u00f6rneklerden bir tanesidir bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma.
Peki nedir bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma?<\/strong>
\u201cSol nedir? Sa\u011f nedir? Nas\u0131l olur da devlet ayg\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n dahi temelini bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma olu\u015fturabilir? Bu tan\u0131mlama nereden ve hangi ihtiya\u00e7tan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131?\u201d \u015feklinde sorulacak \u00e7ok fazla soru vard\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131 ise hem \u00e7ok kolay hem de olduk\u00e7a zordur… Kolayd\u0131r \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, bu iki kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ideolojik bir tan\u0131mlama olarak kullan\u0131m\u0131 ilk kez Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali sonras\u0131 toplanan Frans\u0131z Ulusal Meclisi’nde yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130lgin\u00e7 ama bir o kadar da kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131lan bu tan\u0131mlamada, Meclis ba\u015fkan\u0131, sol tarafta oturanlara, yani e\u015fitlik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve adalet talebi y\u00fckseltenlere \u201csolcu\u201d, sa\u011f tarafta oturanlara ise yani muhafazak\u00e2rlara, monar\u015fi yanl\u0131lar\u0131na \u201csa\u011fc\u0131\u201d diyordu ve iki kar\u015f\u0131t grubun konumlan\u0131\u015f\u0131 gere\u011fi yap\u0131lan sol-sa\u011f tan\u0131mlamas\u0131, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lacak ideoloji ve felsefenin ad\u0131 oluyordu. Tabii bu m\u00fccadelenin hikayele\u015ftirilmi\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131, yani yukarda sorulan sorular\u0131n kolay yan\u0131t\u0131. Zor k\u0131sm\u0131 yan\u0131tlayacak olursak, Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali\u2019ni milat olarak kabul etmekte fayda var. Zira tarihsel arka plana d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ba\u015fta k\u00f6le ayaklanmalar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere verilen m\u00fccadeleler 1789 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali ile birlikte yeni bir boyut kazan\u0131yor, art\u0131k \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in verilen m\u00fccadelenin yan\u0131na e\u015fitlik de ekleniyor, b\u00f6ylece, ideolojik temel kuruluyor, o temele ait felsefe olu\u015fuyordu.
Yani \u201csol\u201d kurumsalla\u015f\u0131yordu…<\/strong>
Ancak elde edilen bu kazan\u0131mlar yeterli de\u011fildi. Her ne kadar a\u00e7\u0131lan e\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, adalet parantezi, bilime, sanata ve toplumsal ilerleyi\u015fe \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sunsa da unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki sa\u011f ideoloji tarihsel olarak daha \u00f6nce peyda olmu\u015ftur. Yani sa\u011f daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, daha \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc ve daha \u201ckurumsald\u0131r.\u201d En \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi de yer, zaman, ki\u015fi ve de\u011fer fark etmeksizin girdi\u011fi kab\u0131n \u015feklini alabilmesidir. \u00d6yle ki tarihin herhangi bir d\u00f6neminde yahut Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali \u00f6ncesi veya sonras\u0131nda sa\u011f; monar\u015finin korunmas\u0131ndan, kral\u0131n otoritesinin kal\u0131c\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131ndan, toprak sahiplerini soylular\u0131n olu\u015fturmas\u0131ndan, kilisenin etkisinin azalmamas\u0131ndan, yani mevcut d\u00fczeni muhafaza etmekten yanayken, sol \u00f6yle de\u011fildi. E\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, adalet ve laik zeminini hi\u00e7bir yere kayd\u0131rm\u0131yordu! \u00d6rg\u00fctledi\u011fi s\u00f6z ile sa\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcm dengesini sarsm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 bile. Ancak dedik ya sa\u011f g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan taraft\u0131 ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini yaslayacak zemin her zaman bulabilirdi ve buldu da 19. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda 20. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ulus devlet hareketleri ve milliyet\u00e7ilik ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen sanayi devrimi sa\u011f\u0131n sars\u0131lan itibar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden kurabilece\u011fi bir limand\u0131 adeta. Zaten tarihin tozlu raflar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda sanayi devrimi ve sa\u011f\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fi aras\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok kompleks etkile\u015fim ve paralellik bulunabilir. \u00d6zellikle sanayi devriminin etkisi ile tar\u0131m tabanl\u0131 ekonomiler, end\u00fcstriyel ekonomilerle yer de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Bu de\u011fi\u015fim haliyle sosyal hareketlili\u011fi beraberinde getirerek \u00f6zellikle kentle\u015fme ve kurulan sanayiler ile toplumun dokusunu etkiledi. Bu da sosyal s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 daha belirgin hale getirerek, orta s\u0131n\u0131f, liberal ekonomi ve bireyci d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi do\u011furdu. Art\u0131k sa\u011f ideoloji, kapitalizmde yani sermaye savunuculu\u011funda v\u00fccut buluyor ve kurdu\u011fu partilerle s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.
Ancak solun da \u201celi bo\u015f\u201d de\u011fildi…<\/strong>
E\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve adalet temelinde birle\u015fen sol, sosyalizmi bulmu\u015f ve art\u0131k daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hale gelerek, daha da kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sosyalizme sunduklar\u0131 katk\u0131, yaz\u0131lan Kom\u00fcnist Manifesto ile i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n birli\u011fi ve toplumsal de\u011ferlerin sol hareket etraf\u0131nda birle\u015fmesine y\u00f6nelik bilimsel katk\u0131lar\u0131 ile Marx ve Engels, sol hareketin geli\u015fimine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131larda bulunmu\u015ftu. Bir kez daha tekrar etmekte fayda var ki t\u00fcm bunlar \u00fclkeden \u00fclkeye, d\u00f6nemden d\u00f6neme de\u011fi\u015febilir. Ancak de\u011fi\u015fmeyen yeg\u00e2ne olgu, sa\u011f\u0131n aksine sol ideolojinin savundu\u011fu de\u011ferlerin geli\u015fimi, yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilim, y\u00fckseltti\u011fi talepler ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc s\u00f6zd\u00fcr. Kaleme al\u0131nan bu makalede, e\u015fitlik, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve adalet temeli ile yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, bilime, sanata, k\u00fclt\u00fcre ve \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fcl\u00fck ile bir\u00e7ok ya\u015famsal olguya y\u0131\u011f\u0131nak yapan sol ideolojiyi do\u011furan sa\u011f ideolojiyle birlikte anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131k. Son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde sola, soldan da de\u011finmekte fayda var. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sol, insan\u0131 merkeze alan \u00e7evrecilerle, ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar\u0131 merkeze alan ekoloji \u00f6rg\u00fctlerine; kad\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesi m\u00fccadelesi i\u00e7erisinde b\u00f6l\u00fcnen feminizmlerden, LGBTQ+ m\u00fccadelesi veren aktivistlere; Karl Marx\u2019\u0131n \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n birli\u011fi, kurtulu\u015fumuzdur\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc kal\u0131p halinde alarak, eli nas\u0131r tutmu\u015f i\u015f\u00e7i arayanlardan, bar\u0131\u015f, sanat, k\u00fclt\u00fcr hareketlerinin i\u00e7ine hapsolmu\u015f hareketlere kadar; say\u0131p sayamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir\u00e7ok hareket sol olarak tan\u0131mlanmakta ve b\u00fct\u00fcnden kopuk bir \u015fekilde konumlanmaktad\u0131r… Sol ideolojinin, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r biriktirdi\u011fi de\u011ferlerden uzak olan bu konumlan\u0131\u015f, ne kadar iyi niyetli ve gayretli olursa olsun herhangi bir sonu\u00e7 vermeyecektir. Elbette ideolojik olarak ayn\u0131lar\u0131n ayn\u0131, ayr\u0131lar\u0131n ayr\u0131 yerde konumlanmas\u0131 evlad\u0131r. Ancak sol hareketin niteli\u011fine de\u011fil, onun niceli\u011fine yaslanmak yukar\u0131da da s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi gibi sola de\u011fil, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olan sa\u011fa yarayacakt\u0131r.
O nedenle 68 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nder isimlerinden Nasuh Mitap abimizin s\u00f6yledi\u011fi; \u201cSosyalizm, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa sahip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc \u201cSolun, sola sahip \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131\u201d, olarak da okumakta, m\u00fccadeleyi b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle kabul edip \u00f6rg\u00fctlemekte fayda var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n neresinde ya\u015f\u0131yor olursak olal\u0131m, kendimizi, hangi de\u011ferlere ait, hangi etnik kimlik, dil, din ve y\u00f6nelime sahip hissedersek edelim, sol \u2013 sa\u011f terimlerini i\u015fitir, felsefi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":10115,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,67,64,44,38,9,42,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-01-26-at-18.06.36-1.jpeg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-2D5","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10111"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10111"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10111\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10116,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10111\/revisions\/10116"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10115"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10111"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10111"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10111"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}