{"id":11861,"date":"2026-03-06T07:30:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-06T05:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=11861"},"modified":"2026-01-30T18:53:21","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T16:53:21","slug":"kadinin-toplumdaki-calisma-yasamindaki-gorunurlugu-ve-sikintilari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=11861","title":{"rendered":"Kad\u0131n\u0131n Toplumdaki \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 – G\u00f6zde Gaye"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kad\u0131nlar, gerek sosyal-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda gerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda gittik\u00e7e daha aktif olarak yer almaktad\u0131rlar. Ancak ne var ki bu yeterli de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kad\u0131nlar sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131nda hala e\u015fit \u015fekilde var olamamakta. Her alanda da ayr\u0131mc\u0131 tutumlar ve e\u015fitsiz ko\u015fullar devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yaz\u0131da ise \u00f6zellikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lara, e\u015fitsizliklere de\u011finilecektedir. D\u00fcnya genelinde s\u00f6yleyecek olursak sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat kadar kad\u0131nlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131nda da eskiye nazaran daha g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcrler. Dedeo\u011flu ve G\u00f6kmen\u2019in aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere kad\u0131nlar\u0131n e\u011fitim oranlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, giderek daha ileri ya\u015flarda evleniyor olmalar\u0131, hizmet sekt\u00f6r\u00fc i\u015flerinin bir\u00e7ok ekonomide artan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve daha az \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmalar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat kad\u0131nlar\u0131n gerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131m oranlar\u0131 gerekse de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki cinsiyete dayal\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klar \u00e7ok ciddi bir sorun olarak durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkemizde \u0130statistik Kurumu\u2019nun 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 hane halk\u0131 i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc anketi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na bakacak olursak istihdam ve i\u015fsizlik oranlar\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal cinsiyet e\u015fitsizli\u011fine ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemli bir veri sunmakta oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Bu anket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda bir yandan \u00fclkemizde i\u015fsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131nlarda erkeklere g\u00f6re iki kat\u0131ndan daha fazla oldu\u011fu di\u011fer yandan istihdam say\u0131lar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131n\u0131n erkek istihdam\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131 kadar oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle bu veriler bize istihdam \u015fekillerinin cinsiyete dayal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc i\u015f arayanlar i\u00e7erisindeki kad\u0131nlar\u0131n oran\u0131 erkeklere nazaran neredeyse iki kat\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok iken istihdam edilen kad\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya daha az olmas\u0131, kad\u0131n istihdam\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayan i\u015f kollar\u0131n\u0131n darl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve olanaklar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Bu da bize \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131na giri\u015fte mesleklerin nas\u0131lda cinsiyete dayal\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ilerledi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte kom\u015fu \u00fclke T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise TU\u0130K verilerine g\u00f6re kad\u0131nlar\u0131n istihdam oran\u0131 erkeklerin istihdam oran\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan da azd\u0131r. TU\u0130K hane halk\u0131 i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda 15 ve daha yukar\u0131 ya\u015ftaki n\u00fcfusun istihdam oran\u0131n\u0131n %48,3 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu oran kad\u0131nlarda %31,3, erkeklerde ise %65,7 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, istihdam oranlar\u0131n\u0131n erkeklere g\u00f6re daha az olmas\u0131 ve kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in istihdam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131 d\u00fcnya genelinde \u00e7ok ciddi bir sorun olarak durmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu sorun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerde ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa maruz kalmas\u0131 da bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli meseledir. \u00d6rne\u011fin; kad\u0131nlar i\u015f yerindeki y\u00fckselmelerde erkeklerin gerisinde kalmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki daha \u00e7ok y\u00f6neticilikle ili\u015fkilendirilen \u00fcst d\u00fczey konumlar erkeklere verilmektedir. Kad\u0131nlar, erkeklerle ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde e\u011fitim alarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 alanlarda hem konum hem maa\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan erkeklerin gerisinde kalmaktad\u0131r. Maalesef i\u015f niteli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n, erkeklere oranla daha vas\u0131fs\u0131z, niteliksiz i\u015flerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kad\u0131nlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en \u00f6nemli istihdam sorunlar\u0131ndan biri de i\u015fe al\u0131m \u015fekilleridir. Bug\u00fcn bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n, esnek ve kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekline entegre olarak g\u00fcvencesiz bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrmektedir. Part time \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma veya evden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7imiyle, bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131lmadan kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ekonomiye itilmektedir. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n evle ilgili sorumluluklar\u0131, anne olmalar\u0131 yani \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zbak\u0131m gerektiren konulardaki sorumluluklar\u0131 onlar\u0131 esnek ve g\u00fcvencesiz ya\u015fama itmektedir. Dedeo\u011flu ve G\u00f6kmen\u2019in s\u00f6yledi\u011fi gibi esnek istihdam olarak da bilinen ve daha \u00e7ok yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7imlerinde de kad\u0131n istihdam oranlar\u0131 y\u00fcksektir. Yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 (part-time) istihdam, ana i\u015flerinde genellikle haftada 30 saatten az \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filerin durumunu ifade etmektedir. OECD genelinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00bc\u2019\u00fc (25,4) yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 i\u015flerde istihdam edilmektedir. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n yayg\u0131n bi\u00e7imdeki bu istihdam \u015fekliyle bir yandan ev i\u00e7indeki kendine y\u00fcklenen sorumluluklar\u0131 yerine getirmesi di\u011fer yandan ise aile ekonomisine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Ne var ki bu tip \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bi\u00e7imiyle bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n i\u00e7in emeklilik bir hayal olmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki neoliberal politikalarla birlikte g\u00fcvencesiz ya\u015fam t\u00fcm emek\u00e7ileri sarmalam\u0131\u015f, bu sarmal i\u00e7inde kad\u0131nlara da i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc piyasas\u0131nda ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmu\u015ftur. Bir \u00e7ok kad\u0131n bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde t\u00fcm sosyal haklardan mahrum, g\u00fcvencesiz ya\u015fama s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da aktar\u0131lanlar\u0131 \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak olursak evet, kad\u0131nlar her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ya\u015famda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok s\u00f6z sahibi olmaktad\u0131r. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n okuma oranlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131, y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim e\u011fitimi almalar\u0131, i\u015f piyasas\u0131nda kad\u0131nlara duyulan ihtiya\u00e7, birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde ge\u00e7mi\u015fe oranla kad\u0131nlar\u0131n toplumsal hayat i\u00e7indeki g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hissedilir derecede artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak yeterli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu noktada \u015funu vurgulamak ve hat\u0131rlatmak yerindedir… Yukar\u0131da sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kazan\u0131mlar kad\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinin de kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 sonucudur. Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00fcvencesiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, e\u015fit ve insanca bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 d\u00fcn oldu\u011fu gibi bug\u00fcn de kad\u0131n ve emek m\u00fccadelesinin sesini y\u00fckseltmesinden ge\u00e7ecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad\u0131n\u0131n Toplumdaki \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve S\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131
G\u00f6zde Gayde<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1 Saniye Dedeo\u011flu& \u00c7isel Ekiz G\u00f6kmen (2021), D\u00fcnyada ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ya\u015fam\u0131nda Kad\u0131n, Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, syf 7.
2 https:\/\/istatistik.gov.ct.tr\/Portals\/39\/HIA_BULTEN_2024_merged_1.pdf<\/a>
3 https:\/\/data.tuik.gov.tr\/Bulten\/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Kadin-2024-54076<\/a>
4 OECD a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019d\u00fcr. Geli\u015fmi\u015f ve geli\u015fmekte olan 38 \u00fclkeden olu\u015fan uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015ftur.
5 Saniye Dedeo\u011flu& \u00c7isel Ekiz G\u00f6kmen (2021), D\u00fcnyada ve \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Ya\u015fam\u0131nda Kad\u0131n, Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, syf 17.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kad\u0131nlar, gerek sosyal-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanda gerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda gittik\u00e7e daha aktif olarak yer almaktad\u0131rlar. Ancak ne var ki bu yeterli de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kad\u0131nlar sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":11862,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,38,42,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/image-20.png","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-35j","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11861"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11861"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11865,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11861\/revisions\/11865"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}