{"id":3520,"date":"2015-09-08T14:24:03","date_gmt":"2015-09-08T12:24:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=3520"},"modified":"2015-09-08T14:24:03","modified_gmt":"2015-09-08T12:24:03","slug":"argasdiden-gocmenlikle-ilgili-carpici-bir-ceviri-makale-bati-sinirlardan-kimin-gececegine-karar-verirken-irk-ayriminda-israr-ediyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=3520","title":{"rendered":"ARGASD\u0130&#8217;DEN G\u00d6\u00c7MENL\u0130KLE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 \u00c7ARPICI B\u0130R \u00c7EV\u0130R\u0130 MAKALE: Bat\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131rlardan Kimin Ge\u00e7ece\u011fine Karar Verirken Irk Ayr\u0131m\u0131nda Israr Ediyor"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Yazar: Gary Younge<a href=\"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/11998067_10153569840992086_1942935943_n.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3521 alignright\" alt=\"11998067_10153569840992086_1942935943_n\" src=\"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/11998067_10153569840992086_1942935943_n-300x209.jpg\" width=\"300\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/11998067_10153569840992086_1942935943_n-300x209.jpg 300w, https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/11998067_10153569840992086_1942935943_n.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a> <\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>\u00a0<b>\u0130ngilizceden \u00e7eviren: Kamil \u0130p\u00e7iler<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>\u2018\u2018S\u0131n\u0131rdaki bir g\u00f6revlinin \u2018\u00f6nsezisi\u2019 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bu davran\u0131\u015f, asl\u0131nda k\u00fcresel ekonominin yan etkisi olarak olu\u015fmu\u015f \u00f6nyarg\u0131lardan ibarettir.\u2019\u2019<\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bundan y\u0131llar \u00f6nce bir sabah, r\u00f6portaj i\u00e7in beni milletvekiline g\u00f6t\u00fcrecek bir sekreter ile Galler\u2019in k\u0131rsal kesiminde bulu\u015fmak \u00fczere s\u00f6zle\u015fmi\u015ftik. Trenim tam vaktinde varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Vard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda trenden inen 15 ki\u015filik bir grup da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, orada tek ba\u015f\u0131ma \u00f6ylece duruyordum. Orta ya\u015fl\u0131 bir kad\u0131n bulundu\u011fum tarafa do\u011fru bakmaktayd\u0131, fakat bulu\u015fmay\u0131 umdu\u011fu gazetecinin kendisiyle ayni platformu payla\u015fan siyah bir adam oldu\u011funu anlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre benim i\u00e7in bir as\u0131r gibiydi. Sonunda yan\u0131ma gelen kad\u0131n \u201cdaha uzun birini bekledi\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6yledi. Bu durum bana ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz A\u011fustos Meksika s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndan Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019ne (ABD) ge\u00e7erken ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir olay\u0131 hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. Palomas isimli bir s\u0131n\u0131r kasabas\u0131ndayd\u0131k. Yan\u0131mda Meksikal\u0131 bir foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 vard\u0131. \u0130spanyol vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da bulunan bir beyazd\u0131. Benim aksime, ABD\u2019de gazeteci olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli vizeye sahip de\u011fildi. Bir problemle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyordum, fakat problemin benden kaynaklanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 tahmin edememi\u015ftim. Bir yanda e\u011fitimli k\u00f6pekler e\u015fyalar\u0131m\u0131 koklarken, di\u011fer yandan g\u00f6revliler kiralad\u0131\u011f\u0131m araban\u0131n i\u00e7ini ar\u0131yorlard\u0131. Vizemi kontrol eden kad\u0131n g\u00f6revli, say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 akl\u0131mda tutamayaca\u011f\u0131m kadar \u00e7ok sefer nerede do\u011fdu\u011fumu sormu\u015ftu. Pasaportumdaki her m\u00fch\u00fcr\u00fc ise tek tek a\u00e7\u0131klamam gerekecekti. Bu arada vizesi olmayan foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7oktan ge\u00e7mi\u015f, g\u00f6revli kad\u0131n ise soru sormaktan yorulup, iddia etti\u011fim ki\u015fi olabilece\u011fim ihtimaline ikna olmu\u015ftu. Belki de o da daha uzun boylu olmam gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7en hafta yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapor, beyaz olmayan bir\u00e7ok g\u00f6\u00e7menin mutlaka deneyimledi\u011fi, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131rlarda ya\u015fanan, \u0131rka, etnisiteye ve dine dayal\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131tlar nitelikteydi. T\u00fcm bu \u00fcst aramas\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131\u015f\u0131lar ve sorgular d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, asl\u0131nda benim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemsiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebilirim. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir keresinde anneannemin saatlarce sorguya \u00e7ekildi\u011fini hat\u0131rl\u0131yorum. Her \u015feyin \u00f6tesinde en \u00e7ok \u00f6\u011frenmek istedikleri \u015fey ise anneannemin o \u00fclkeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak amac\u0131yla m\u0131 giri\u015f yapmak istedi\u011fiydi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u00e7i\u015flerinin yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapora g\u00f6re ise ya\u015fanan bu ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k sistemden kaynakl\u0131 bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 de\u011fil. \u0130ngiliz yetkililerin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, s\u0131n\u0131rlardaki uygulamalar g\u00f6revlilerin \u201ci\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fc\u2019\u2019 ve \u201csezgilerine\u2019\u2019 ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015fmekte. Daha kapsaml\u0131 \u015fekilde incelendi\u011fi zaman ise, g\u00f6revlilerin sahip oldu\u011fu bu alt\u0131nc\u0131 hissin(!) tamamen \u00f6nyarg\u0131larla \u015fekillendi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u015f\u0131k giyimli, makyajl\u0131 ve pahal\u0131 tak\u0131lar\u0131 olan Amerikan kad\u0131nlar s\u0131n\u0131rlardan sorun ya\u015famaks\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015f yapabilirken, uzun topuklu ve k\u0131sa \u015fortlu kad\u0131nlar hayat kad\u0131n\u0131 olduklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle sorguya tabi tutulabiliyor.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat iddia edilenin aksine maruz kal\u0131nan ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k asl\u0131nda bizzat sistemden kaynaklan\u0131yor. G\u00f6revlilerin bireysel \u00f6nsezilerinden ibaretmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6sterilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bu ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klar, asl\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerin, varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131lar\u0131n sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir durumun \u00e7ok \u00f6tesinde, k\u00fcresel ekonomi ile yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve yerel siyasetin sonucunda devam etmekte olan bir problem. Bizlere \u00f6\u011fretilen, kapitalin serbest dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 refah ve kalk\u0131nma i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011fuydu. Fakat problem, s\u00f6z konusu refah\u0131n insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131lmaz olu\u015fu, bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131n g\u00fcnde iki dolardan daha az bir b\u00fct\u00e7eyle ya\u015famaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel ticaretin kurallar\u0131n\u0131n yoksullar\u0131 ezmesinden kaynaklanmakta. A\u00e7l\u0131k ve yoksullukla y\u00fczle\u015fen yoksullar i\u015f ve a\u015f pe\u015finde g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Fakat daha varl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00fclkeye giri\u015f talep ettikleri zaman ise, kurallar\u0131 koyanlar taraf\u0131ndan kap\u0131lar y\u00fczlerine kapanmakta ve fakirli\u011fe terk edilmekteler. Politikac\u0131lar\u0131n destek bulmak ad\u0131na izledikleri pop\u00fclist politikalar\u0131n, k\u00fcresel e\u015fitsizli\u011fi gidermek yerine, g\u00f6\u00e7menlikle ilgili k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 art\u0131rmak ve yoksullar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rakmaya odakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Di\u011fer bir yandan, her zaman de\u011filse bile, genellikle kap\u0131lar\u0131n kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 insanlar\u0131n beyazlar olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7menlerle ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar ve kanunlar\u0131n \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 bir temelde \u015fekillendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rlarda bulunan memurlar\u0131n uygulamakta oldu\u011fu, yetkililerin \u201ci\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcsel\u2019\u2019 kaynakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia etti\u011fi ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir par\u00e7as\u0131ndan ibaret. \u00d6te yandan, raporda \u201colas\u0131l\u0131klara g\u00f6re karar vermekteyiz\u2019\u2019 dedi\u011fi belirtilen bir yetkili ise, bir anlamda beyaz olmayan bir ki\u015finin yoksul olma ihtimalinin daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu ve bu y\u00fczden daha s\u0131k durdurulduklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fruluyor.\u00a0 Sonu\u00e7 olarak ciddi say\u0131da siyahi ve Asyal\u0131, yoksul olduklar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ge\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle devaml\u0131 olarak durdurulmakta ve sorgulanmakta. Rakamlara bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tablo bize, siyah bir G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ve yine siyah bir Kanadal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, ayni \u00fclkenin beyaz vatanda\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131rda durdurulma ve sorgulanma oran\u0131n\u0131n 10 kat\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ngiltere \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise ayni raporda sunulan bu verilerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131nda \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011fil, sosyo-ekonomik fakt\u00f6rlerin rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmakta. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle, genellikle siyahilerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bu ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sebebi, siyah olmalar\u0131 de\u011fil, genellikle fakir olmalar\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak\u00a0 amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ge\u00e7iyor olma olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sonu\u00e7la ilgili iki problem kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmakta. Birinci problem; bu iddia ile rakamlar\u0131n anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7eli\u015fiyor olmas\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin, siyahi bir Kanadal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n geliri, beyaz bir G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n iki kat\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, siyah bir Kanadal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n beyaz bir G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131\u2019ya g\u00f6re s\u00f6z konusu ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa daha fazla maruz kalmas\u0131, raporda sunulan bu tezi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmekte. Raporu haz\u0131rlayanlar taraf\u0131ndan var\u0131lan bu yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7, bir anlamda \u0131rk ve s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ay\u0131rma \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n kendilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan, s\u00f6z konusu insanlar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 engeller pratikte \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 olsa da, ayni zamanda a\u00e7\u0131k bir s\u0131n\u0131fsal ayr\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7eriyor. Rapora g\u00f6re, \u201cS\u0131n\u0131rdaki baz\u0131 yetkililer i\u00e7in \u2018g\u00fcvenilir olmak\u2019 ki\u015finin ekonomik durumuyla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir bir mesele. Bu a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yoksul olan\u0131n bat\u0131ya giri\u015fini engelleyen yetkililer asl\u0131nda i\u015fini gayet iyi yapmakta.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak, en temel insan haklar\u0131ndan biri olan dola\u015f\u0131m hakk\u0131 ele\u015ftirilerin merkezi haline geliyor. Belki Avrupa\u2019da, bu hak do\u011frultusunda \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olabilir fakat a\u00e7\u0131kcas\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geriye kalan\u0131yla bat\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131na kal\u0131n ve devaml\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcmekte olan bir duvar \u00e7ekilmi\u015f durumda. \u0130nsanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131da tutan \u015fey ise ekonominin ta kendisi.<\/p>\n<p>Varl\u0131kl\u0131 olanlar i\u00e7in ise durum \u00e7ok farkl\u0131. Rapora g\u00f6re g\u00f6\u00e7menlerden sorumlu yetkililerin \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u015feyler aras\u0131nda, bir Amerikan i\u015fadam\u0131na yan\u0131nda ka\u00e7 para oldu\u011funu veya banka hesab\u0131yla ilgili detaylar\u0131 sormamak ba\u015fta geliyor. Yani, emekli maa\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7almas\u0131 en muhtemel ki\u015filer s\u0131n\u0131rdan elini kolunu sallayarak ge\u00e7ebiliyorken, burgerinizi servis edecek olan ya da evinizi temizleyecek olan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in \u2018k\u00fcresel vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan\u2019, dola\u015f\u0131m hakk\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<p>Elbette ulus devletler var oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece s\u0131n\u0131rlar da, g\u00f6\u00e7menlik yasalar\u0131 da var olmaya devam edecek. Elimizden gelen ise, en az\u0131ndan bu yasalar\u0131n adil oldu\u011funu iddia etmekten vazge\u00e7me ve ba\u015ftan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 insanlar\u0131n aleyhine olacak \u015fekilde dizayn edildiklerini anlayabilmek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>Bu yaz\u0131 Ocak 2007 tarihinde Guardian gazetesinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/i>(http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2007\/jan\/22\/comment.immigrationandpublicservices)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yazar: Gary Younge \u00a0\u0130ngilizceden \u00e7eviren: Kamil \u0130p\u00e7iler \u2018\u2018S\u0131n\u0131rdaki bir g\u00f6revlinin \u2018\u00f6nsezisi\u2019 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bu davran\u0131\u015f, asl\u0131nda k\u00fcresel ekonominin yan etkisi olarak olu\u015fmu\u015f \u00f6nyarg\u0131lardan ibarettir.\u2019\u2019 &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":3521,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,67,44,38,42,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/11998067_10153569840992086_1942935943_n.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-UM","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3520"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3520"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3522,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3520\/revisions\/3522"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3521"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}