{"id":4231,"date":"2016-06-10T10:51:37","date_gmt":"2016-06-10T08:51:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=4231"},"modified":"2016-06-10T10:51:37","modified_gmt":"2016-06-10T08:51:37","slug":"argasdi-yazilari-magusa-ve-othello-kalesi-sifa-alcicioglu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=4231","title":{"rendered":"Argasdi Yaz\u0131lar\u0131: MA\u011eUSA ve OTHELLO KALES\u0130 – \u015eifa Al\u00e7\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Map-gia-Ammoxostos\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131s Akdeniz\u2019in ortas\u0131nda d\u00fcnya haritas\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman i\u011fne ucu kadar yer kaplayan bir ada. Bunun yan\u0131nda y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca bir\u00e7ok medeniyetin ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f bir ada. Bilinen en eski \u015fehirlerinden biri ise Ma\u011fusa\u2026<\/p>\n

Zaman\u0131n liman \u015fehri, y\u00fczy\u0131llar \u00f6nce ticaret hayat\u0131yla, ihracatlarla adeta bir zenginlik timsaliydi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeysehala var olan liman\u0131na ra\u011fmen yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u201cambargolar\u201d ve b\u00fcrokratik engellemeler nedeniyle o g\u00fcnlerin zenginli\u011fiyle tezat bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olu\u015fturmakta. Gelin bir zaman makinesine girelim ve Arsineo\u2019dan Famagosta\u2019ya bir yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kal\u0131m.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ARS\u0130NEO- AMMOCHOSTOS- FAMAGUSTA<\/b><\/p>\n

Ma\u011fusa K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n bu g\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fayan en eski \u015fehirlerinden biridir. \u015eehri, M.\u00d6 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda M\u0131s\u0131r kral\u0131 Ptolemy Philadelphus\u2019un kurdu\u011fu ve k\u0131z karde\u015finin (ayn\u0131 zamanda kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n) ad\u0131 olan \u201cArsineo\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Daha sonra kentin ad\u0131 \u201cAmmochostos\u201d olarak de\u011fi\u015fir. Rivayete g\u00f6re Arap sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na u\u011frayan Salamis halk\u0131, oradan g\u00f6\u00e7erek Ma\u011fusa \u015fehrine yerle\u015firler. Araplar\u0131n onlar\u0131 yeniden bulamamas\u0131n\u0131 umut ettikleri i\u00e7in de \u015fehri saran kumlu topraktan etkilenerek \u201ckumda sakl\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen ammochostos kelimesini kullanm\u0131\u015flar.Kentin as\u0131l ad\u0131 olan (Famagosta) Famagusta\u2019n\u0131n Ammochostos kelimesindenbozularak, dile ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha sonra ise Ma\u011fusa\u2019ya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u00f6ylenmektedir.\u015eehre, 1974\u2019ten sonra asimilasyon politikalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde gazilik \u00fcnvan\u0131 da verilerek ad\u0131 \u201cGazima\u011fusa\u201d haline getirilmi\u015ftir! Bug\u00fcnlerde ise yanl\u0131\u015f bir ifadeyle \u201cMagosa\u201d \u015feklinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fcndemdedir. \u015eehrimizin ad\u0131 Magosa de\u011fil Ma\u011fusa\u2019d\u0131r!<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Ma\u011fusa\u2019n\u0131n tarihine k\u0131saca bakacak olursak en zengin d\u00f6nemini L\u00fczinyanlar zaman\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. 1192 y\u0131l\u0131nda ada L\u00fczinyanlar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7er.Bat\u0131 Hristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, Ortado\u011fu\u2019da ellerinde tutabildikleri son yer olan \u201cAkka\u201d; 1291 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, bir\u00e7ok frenk soylusu ve t\u00fcccar\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a gelmesine izin verilir ve bunlar Ma\u011fusa\u2019ya yerle\u015ferek, kenti, i\u015flek bir liman ve ticaret merkezi haline getirirler.Ticaretle u\u011fra\u015fan bu t\u00fcccarlar pek \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze dek ula\u015fmay\u0131 ba\u015faran farkl\u0131 stillerde bir\u00e7ok kilise in\u015fa ettirirler. Bu y\u00fczden Ma\u011fusa\u2019ya tak\u0131lan isimlerden biri de \u201c365 Kiliseli \u015eehir\u201ddir. En \u00f6nemli eserlerden biri olanSt. Nikolas Katedrali’nde ayn\u0131 zamanda Kud\u00fcs’\u00fc de y\u00f6neten L\u00fczinyan krallar\u0131 1372’ye kadarta\u00e7 giymi\u015ftir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Lala Mustafa Pa\u015fa Cami, olarak kullan\u0131lan katedral \u015fehrin en \u00f6nemli eserlerinden biridir. L\u00fczinyan d\u00f6neminde en zengin y\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayan Ma\u011fusa\u2019n\u0131n bug\u00fcne kadar gelen d\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc bir de kalesi vard\u0131r. Bu kale William Shakesper\u2019e de ilham veren Othello Kalesi\u2019dir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"_DSC0032\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Othello Kalesi ve Aslanlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Othello 14. yy\u2019da L\u00fczinyanlar taraf\u0131ndan liman\u0131 korumak amac\u0131yla etraf\u0131na derin hendekler a\u00e7\u0131larak in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir kaledir. Kalenin ad\u0131, William Shakespear\u2019\u0131n kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tragedyada yer al\u0131r. Shakespear\u2019in K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a gelip gelmedi\u011fi bir muamma olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmenoyun Venedik zaman\u0131nda K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n bir liman kentinde ge\u00e7mektedir. Othello\u2019ya ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olan ki\u015finin ise kalede ger\u00e7ekten g\u00f6revli Bat\u0131 Afrikal\u0131 askeri bir vali oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmektedir. Kaleyi bu kadar me\u015fhur yapan bir di\u011fer konu ise Leonardo Da Vinci\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019a geldi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde Venediklilere savunma sistemiyle ilgili tavsiyelerde bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Othello Kalesi\u2019ne girerken bir aslan kabartmas\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. Bu kabartma St. Mark Aslan\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve Venediklilerin armas\u0131d\u0131r. Kabartman\u0131n alt\u0131nda kaleyi yeniden bi\u00e7imlendiren kaptan Nicolo Foscari\u2019nin ad\u0131 ve 1492 tarihi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Kalenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde ise farkl\u0131 boyutlarda iki aslan fig\u00fcr\u00fc dikkati \u00e7eker. Halk aras\u0131nda bu aslanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Aslan ya da Anne Aslan\u201d, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ise \u201cAslanc\u0131k\u201d diye isimler tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Venedik zaman\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze dek gelmeyi ba\u015faran bu aslanlar\u0131n yeterince korunmamas\u0131, y\u0131llarca depolarda kilitli tutulmas\u0131 ise h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel mirasa verdi\u011fi \u201cde\u011feri\u201d g\u00f6zle \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir. Ma\u011fusa aslanlar\u0131yla ilgili anlat\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli efsaneler de vard\u0131r. Bunlardan biri; aslan\u0131n kendi yavrusunu yeme\u011fe kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bunun \u00fczerine de ta\u015fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bir di\u011fer efsaneye g\u00f6reyse aslan her y\u0131l bilinmeyen bir g\u00fcn ve saatte (baz\u0131 anlat\u0131lara g\u00f6reyse yeni y\u0131l\u0131n ilk gecesi) a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7makta ve bu an\u0131 yakalay\u0131p elini i\u00e7eriye sokabilen olursa hazine bulmaktad\u0131r. Bir di\u011fer inan\u0131\u015f ise b\u00fcy\u00fck aslan\u0131n bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6nde bir hazinenin sakl\u0131 oldu\u011fudur. K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta bir derdi, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olanlara \u015faka yoluyla \u015fimdi seni dinleyemem manas\u0131nda \u201cGit derdini Ma\u011fusa aslan\u0131na anlat\u201d diye bir tabir de kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

\"_DSC0069\"<\/a>Othello Kalesi y\u0131llarca kaderine terk edilmi\u015ftir. Son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan restorasyon sayesinde kale yeniden bir a\u00e7\u0131k hava m\u00fczesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda Othello tragedyas\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n g\u00fcneyinden ve kuzeyinden sanat\u00e7\u0131larla, esere ilham olan yerde sahnelendi. Sanat\u0131n iki halk\u0131 birle\u015ftirici vazifesi, bar\u0131\u015f yolundaki \u00f6nemli basamaklardand\u0131r. Ada insan\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getiren etkinlikler d\u00fczenlemek, bar\u0131\u015f ve halklar\u0131n karde\u015fli\u011fini peki\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n

Bu g\u00fczel adan\u0131n bu e\u015fsiz \u015fehri ve tarihi eserleri hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenecek, yaz\u0131lacak \u00e7ok \u015fey var hala\u2026\u00a0 Ey Ma\u011fusa aslan\u0131, sence de hala umut var de\u011fil mi?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u015eifa Al\u00e7\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu<\/p>\n

Sifa_alcicioglu@yahoo.com<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/p>\n

Giovanni Mariti, 1760 K\u0131br\u0131s Adas\u0131nda Yolculuk, Galeri K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.magusa.org\/tr\/kent-rehberi\/kent-tarihi.html<\/a><\/p>\n

Da\u011fl\u0131, Okan (2014), Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften Gelece\u011fe Ma\u011fusa, Ma\u011fusa \u0130nisiyatifi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  K\u0131br\u0131s Akdeniz\u2019in ortas\u0131nda d\u00fcnya haritas\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman i\u011fne ucu kadar yer kaplayan bir ada. Bunun yan\u0131nda y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca bir\u00e7ok medeniyetin ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4234,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,9,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/DSC0069.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-16f","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4231"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4231"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4237,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4231\/revisions\/4237"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}