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<\/a>As\u0131l ad\u0131 Ricardo Eliezer Neftali Reyes Basoalto olan \u015eilili yazar ve \u015fair Pablo Neruda, 12 Temmuz 1904 tarihinde d\u00fcnyaya geldi. Demiryolu i\u015f\u00e7isi baba ve \u00f6\u011fretmen bir annenin \u00e7ocu\u011fu olan Neruda, daha \u00e7ocukluk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u015fiirler ve yaz\u0131lar yazmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00c7ekingen bir \u00f6\u011frenci olarak okulda s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015fler kuran, durmadan kitaplar okuyan Neruda, ayr\u0131ca babas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revli oldu\u011fu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ta\u015fra istasyonlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6nemi boyunca k\u00f6yl\u00fcleri, mevsimlik tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7ilerini ve maden i\u015f\u00e7ilerini yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131ma f\u0131rsat\u0131 bulmu\u015f; ku\u015fkusuz bu g\u00f6zlemleri sonras\u0131nda onun \u015fiirlerini ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. M\u00fckemmel bir insan olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 babas\u0131 genellikle \u015fairlere, \u00f6zellikle de o\u011flunun bu alanla ilgilenmesine kar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. Babas\u0131na g\u00f6re, insanlar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu kimseler; doktorlar, mimarlar, m\u00fchendislerdi. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden \u00f6te, i\u015fi o\u011flunun kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 ve not defterlerini yakmaya kadar vad\u0131rmas\u0131 daha 14 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken Pablo\u2019nun ad\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme karar\u0131 almas\u0131na sebep olacakt\u0131. 10 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u015fiir yazmaya ba\u015flayan Neruda, bu ismi \u00c7ek yazar Jan Neruda\u2019n\u0131n \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Mahallenin Dedikodular\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fc kitab\u0131ndan etkilenerek alm\u0131\u015f ve kat\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fiir yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na soyad\u0131n\u0131 Neruda, ad\u0131n\u0131 ise Pablo olarak se\u00e7ip kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonras\u0131nda ise 1946 senesinde \u015fu an bilindi\u011fi \u015fekli ile ad\u0131n\u0131 ve soyad\u0131n\u0131 resmiyete d\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\nDevrimci \u015fair Pablo Neruda, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirler ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra aktif m\u00fccadeleden de uzak durmad\u0131. \u0130spanya \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131 ve Garcia Lorca\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00e7ok etkilenmi\u015f olan Neruda; \u0130spanya ve Fransa\u2019daki Cumhuriyet\u00e7i hareket i\u00e7erisinde yer ald\u0131. Bu s\u0131rada \u015fiirlerini toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cKalbimdeki \u0130spanya\u201d (Espana en el Corazon) isimli eseri \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan Neruda\u2019n\u0131n bu kitab\u0131 i\u00e7 sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda cephede bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Neruda, daha sonraki eserlerinde de siyasi ve sosyal konular\u0131 i\u015flemeye devam edecektir.<\/p>\n
Neruda, \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerde konsolosluk g\u00f6revleri de \u00fcstlenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk olarak 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris\u2019te \u0130spanyol g\u00f6\u00e7menler i\u00e7in sonras\u0131nda ise Meksika\u2019da konsolosluk g\u00f6revine getirilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcney Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131, insanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve tarihi yazg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 epik \u015fiir \u015feklinde anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cCanto General de Chile\u201d adl\u0131 eserini Meksika\u2019daki konsolosluk g\u00f6revi d\u00f6neminde yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerde y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc konsolosluk g\u00f6revlerinin ard\u0131ndan 1943 senesinde \u00fclkesi \u015eili\u2019ye d\u00f6nen Pablo Neruda, 1945\u2019te senator se\u00e7ilir ve \u015eili Kom\u00fcnist Partisi\u2019ne kat\u0131l\u0131r. 1947\u2019de Ba\u015fkan Gonzalez Videla\u2019n\u0131n grev yapan madencilere y\u00f6nelik bask\u0131c\u0131 tutumunu protesto etti\u011fi i\u00e7in iki y\u0131l boyunca kendi \u00fclkesinde ka\u00e7ak ya\u015fayan Neruda, 1949\u2019da \u00fclkesinden ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve 1952 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerde kal\u0131r. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn hayat\u0131n etkisi ise bu d\u00f6nemde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserlerine sirayet etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00dcstlendi\u011fi g\u00f6revlerde ve bulundu\u011fu \u00fclkelerde deneyimlediklerini eserlerine yans\u0131tabilen bir \u015fair ve yazar olmu\u015ftur Pablo Neruda. Ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc siyasi duru\u015fuyla da tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, \u00fclkesindeki ve \u0130spanya\u2019daki fa\u015fizme, kar\u015f\u0131 duru\u015f sergilemi\u015ftir. 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise \u015eili ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na aday g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f ancak daha sonra ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ilen Salvador Allende\u2019yi desteklemi\u015ftir. Allende d\u00f6neminde \u015eili\u2019nin Fransa el\u00e7isi olarak g\u00f6revlendirilen Neruda, 1971 senesinde edebiyat dal\u0131nda Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sonras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Fransa\u2019da y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc el\u00e7ilik g\u00f6revini b\u0131rakarak \u00fclkesi \u015eili\u2019ye d\u00f6nen \u015fair, 24 Eyl\u00fcl 1973 tarihinde hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 Prostat kanserinden dolay\u0131 hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131p \u00f6l\u00fcm sebebi resmi kay\u0131tlara b\u00f6yle ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsa da Pablo Neruda\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn fa\u015fist general Pinochet\u2019in \u00f6nderli\u011finde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen fa\u015fist darbenin hemen sonras\u0131nda olmas\u0131, bu \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn s\u00fcrekli sorgulanmas\u0131na sebep olmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcm \u00e7i\u00e7ekler kopar\u0131lsa da bahar\u0131n geli\u015finin engellenemeyece\u011fini hayk\u0131ran Neruda, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerinden onlarca y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen dizeleriyle halklar\u0131n y\u00fcre\u011finde umut olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bellek:12 Temmuz 1904, Pablo Neruda do\u011fdu. As\u0131l ad\u0131 Ricardo Eliezer Neftali Reyes Basoalto olan \u015eilili yazar ve \u015fair Pablo Neruda, 12 Temmuz 1904 tarihinde d\u00fcnyaya<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":7589,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,67,44,9,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/pablo-neruda-hakkinda-bilinmesi-gereken-8-madde-360154-5.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-1Yn","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7587"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7587"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7587\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7590,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7587\/revisions\/7590"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}