{"id":8107,"date":"2021-04-28T09:05:20","date_gmt":"2021-04-28T07:05:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=8107"},"modified":"2021-04-28T09:05:20","modified_gmt":"2021-04-28T07:05:20","slug":"teali-i-nisvan-cansu-nazli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=8107","title":{"rendered":"Teali-i Nisvan- Cansu Nazl\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tarihte bug\u00fcn; 28 Nisan 1913’e\u00a0 giderek, Osmanl\u0131\u2019da ilk feminist \u00f6rg\u00fct say\u0131labilecek Teali-i Nisvan’\u0131n kurulmas\u0131na tan\u0131k olaca\u011f\u0131z. Argasdi’nin tarihe \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan sayfas\u0131 Bellek’te yer alan makaleyi Cansu Nazl\u0131 yazd\u0131. Argasdi’ye 10 TL kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Baraka K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi lokalinden, b\u00f6lgenizdeki Khora Kitabevlerinden ve gazete bayiilerinden ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"2678578_e1fb30ab7ecea83b52a992544b7de8e6\"<\/a><\/b>Lisedeki tarih dersleri, Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun ilerleme ve gerilemeleriyle empati kurduran, devlet akl\u0131yla bize tarih \u00f6\u011freten m\u00fcfredat\u0131n\u0131 bir hat\u0131rlay\u0131n. Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lma d\u00f6neminin olumsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131 gen\u00e7 zihinlere boca eden resmi tarih anlat\u0131m\u0131nda i\u015f\u00e7i ve kad\u0131n hareketlerinin y\u00fckseldi\u011finden ve emek\u00e7ilerle kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in kaydedilen ilerlemelerden hi\u00e7 bahsedilmez.<\/p>\n

Bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, 2. Me\u015frutiyet d\u00f6neminde i\u015f\u00e7ilerin daha adil bir \u00fccret ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul\u2019dan Beyrut\u2019a, \u0130zmir\u2019den Selanik\u2019e, \u00dcsk\u00fcp\u2019ten Ere\u011fli\u2019ye, Kavala\u2019dan Samsun\u2019a grevlere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 1908 grevlerinden bahsedilseydi Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na m\u0131 empati kurard\u0131k yoksa i\u015f\u00e7i hareketinin o d\u00f6neme dek g\u00f6r\u00fclmedik derecede canlanmas\u0131na m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Peki ya, \u00a0ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem ilk feminist \u00f6rg\u00fct olan Teali-i Nisvan\u2019\u0131n \u00a0kuruldu\u011fu, bunu onlarca daha kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, gazete ve dergi takip etti\u011fi ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6zerk \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin bir siyasi parti kurma giri\u015fimine kadar ilerletildi\u011fi ancak ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n reddedildi\u011fi \u00f6\u011fretilse, bug\u00fcn kad\u0131nlar Atat\u00fcrk b\u00fcst\u00fcne Mustafa Kemal kad\u0131na se\u00e7me ve se\u00e7ilme hakk\u0131 \u2018verdi\u011fi\u2019 i\u00e7in karanfil koyar m\u0131yd\u0131?<\/p>\n

\u00d6rnekleri \u00e7o\u011faltmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ama bug\u00fcn daha \u00e7ok Teali-i Nisvan Cemiyeti\u2019nden bahsedelim.<\/p>\n

Nam-\u0131 di\u011fer “Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Durumunu Y\u00fckseltme Derne\u011fi\u201d, baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re 1908\u2019de baz\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re 1913\u2019te, Halide Edip\u2019in giri\u015fimiyle kuruluyor; \u00fcyeleri aras\u0131nda Nakiye Han\u0131m, Nezihe Muhiddin, Rana Sani Yaver de bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak geli\u015fmesini ve ekonomik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerini kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 hedefleyen derne\u011fin dil kursu a\u00e7mak, konferanslar vermek, \u00e7eviriler yapmak, kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in okuma yazma kursu a\u00e7mak gibi faaliyetleri bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme olan bu cemiyete \u00fcye olabilmek i\u00e7in iyi derecede T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmek ve verilmekte olan \u0130ngilizce derslerine kat\u0131l\u0131m sa\u011flamak gibi belirli \u015fartlara sahip olmak gerekliydi. \u0130ngiltere\u2019de kurulmu\u015f olan T\u00fcrk Kad\u0131nlar\u0131 Muhibbi Cemiyeti\u2019ne paralel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak istendi\u011finden \u0130ngilizce\u2019ye bu kadar \u00f6nem verildi\u011fi tahmin ediliyor. Dernek, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ayda 5 kuru\u015f kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda haftan\u0131n iki g\u00fcn\u00fc giderek \u2018Mektebi \u0130btidaiye\u2019 e\u011fitimi ald\u0131klar\u0131 bir dershane de a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f. Kad\u0131nlara ayr\u0131ca T\u00fcrk i\u015fi, beyaz i\u015f, hesap i\u015fi ve \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r imalat\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen kurslar da d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f. Kad\u0131nlarla ilgili yaz\u0131lar, tarihi, edebi, sosyal eserler dernek b\u00fcnyesinde T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n

Cemiyet-i \u0130mdadiye, M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk-u Nisvan, K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Beyaz Kul\u00fcb\u00fc, \u00c7erkez \u0130ttihat ve Teav\u00fcn Cemiyeti ve daha onlarca k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc, yine ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem faaliyet g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. Yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131llar Han\u0131mlara Mahsus Gazete, Kad\u0131n, Kad\u0131nlar D\u00fcnyas\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok gazete ve dergi de yay\u0131mlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n toplumsal ya\u015fama daha fazla kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesinin de tesiriyle bu d\u00f6nemde kad\u0131n erkek beraber al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe \u00e7\u0131kma, evlilikte belediye nik\u00e2h\u0131 \u015fart olmas\u0131, Aile Hukuku Kararnamesi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak kocan\u0131n ikinci bir kad\u0131n ile evlenebilmesinin ilk kad\u0131n\u0131n onay\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 minvalinde geli\u015fmeler de ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 gazeteci bir yazar olan Eduardo Galeano, Tersine D\u00fcnya Okulu isimli kitab\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden birinde \u015f\u00f6yle der:<\/p>\n

\u201cYak\u0131n bir zamana kadar, Atina demokrasisini inceleyen tarih\u00e7iler laf aras\u0131nda de\u011finmenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kad\u0131nlardan ve k\u00f6lelerden hi\u00e7 bahsetmezlerdi. K\u00f6leler Yunan n\u00fcfusunun \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu, kad\u0131nlarsa yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyordu. Atina demokrasisi kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ve k\u00f6lelerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu acaba?<\/i><\/p>\n

ABD Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k Beyannamesi 1776\u2019da \u201cb\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n e\u015fit do\u011fdu\u011funu\u201d ilan etti. Siyah k\u00f6lelerin, k\u00f6leliklerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren bu beyanname yar\u0131m milyon k\u00f6lenin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re ne anlama geliyordu? Ya hi\u00e7bir haklar\u0131 olmadan ya\u015famaya devam eden kad\u0131nlar, kimle e\u015fit do\u011fuyorlard\u0131?\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n

Resmi tarihten okundu\u011funda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun da\u011f\u0131lma d\u00f6neminin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 kabul edilen 2. Me\u015frutiyet d\u00f6nemi olduk\u00e7a olumsuz olarak lanse edilirken ayn\u0131 d\u00f6neme emek\u00e7iler ve kad\u0131nlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda da ba\u015fka bir \u015fey g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz: D\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesinin resmi tarihinin gizledi\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle eme\u011fin ve kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fme m\u00fccadelesinin hikayesini… \u0130\u015fte buralarda gizlenen bizim hikayemizdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tarihte bug\u00fcn; 28 Nisan 1913’e\u00a0 giderek, Osmanl\u0131\u2019da ilk feminist \u00f6rg\u00fct say\u0131labilecek Teali-i Nisvan’\u0131n kurulmas\u0131na tan\u0131k olaca\u011f\u0131z. Argasdi’nin tarihe \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan sayfas\u0131 Bellek’te yer alan makaleyi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":8108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,67,44,9,1],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/2678578_e1fb30ab7ecea83b52a992544b7de8e6.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-26L","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8107"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8107"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8109,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8107\/revisions\/8109"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}