{"id":8155,"date":"2021-05-17T09:27:05","date_gmt":"2021-05-17T07:27:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=8155"},"modified":"2021-05-17T09:27:05","modified_gmt":"2021-05-17T07:27:05","slug":"888-hala-24ten-fazla-ediyor-mustafa-batak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=8155","title":{"rendered":"8+8+8 = H\u00e2l\u00e2 24\u2019ten Fazla Ediyor – Mustafa Batak"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"indir\"<\/a>Argasdi’nin 61. say\u0131s\u0131nda i\u015fledi\u011fimiz “Tembellik” konusu ve i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tarihsel bir arka planla konu alan makalemiz aktivistimiz Mustafa Batak’\u0131n kaleminden sizlere ula\u015f\u0131yor…<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu gibi K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131nda ciddi sorunlar ya\u015fanmakta. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201ckurumsalla\u015fan\u201d s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc d\u00fczeni ile i\u015fleyi\u015fi elinde tutan neoliberal kapitalizm emek\u00e7ilere, g\u00fcn, saat, mek\u00e2n ay\u0131rmaks\u0131z\u0131n her an \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olma hali dayat\u0131yor. T\u00fcrl\u00fc hilelerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00fcvencesizlik konuyor. Ta\u015feronla\u015fma modeli ile bu durum per\u00e7inleniyor. G\u00fcvencesiz ve sendikas\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan emek\u00e7ilere itiraz hakk\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131yor. \u0130tiraz edene de d\u0131\u015far\u0131da olu\u015fturulan i\u015fsizler ordusu g\u00f6sterilerek \u201csus otur\u201d deniyor. \u00d6zellikle \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bu sorunlar adeta 1800\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n Avrupa\u2019s\u0131nda yer alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131 an\u0131msat\u0131yor.
\n1800\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar derken\u2026
\n<\/b>Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlam\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, emek\u00e7ilerin; sendika, g\u00fcvence, ihtiyat sand\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi taleplerinin yan\u0131nda, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri ve maa\u015flara koydu\u011fu itiraz sayesinde elde edilen kazan\u0131mlara dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu noktada tarihsel arka plana bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda sadece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n de\u011fil, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n da daha ileri gitmesi ad\u0131na k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileyen Sanayi Devrimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti ve makineye dayal\u0131 seri \u00fcretim modeline ge\u00e7ildi. Emek g\u00fcc\u00fcne dayal\u0131 \u00fcretim modelinin de\u011fi\u015fmesi, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmelere yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali ile de siyasal yap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fti ve Monar\u015fi bundan etkilendi.
\nGerek siyasal, gerekse ekonomik yap\u0131da meydana gelen bu k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fim, ister istemez bu iki yap\u0131yla yak\u0131n ili\u015fki i\u00e7inde olan emek\u00e7ilerin hayat\u0131nda da etkili oldu. Gelinen bu noktada emek\u00e7iler, kendi ihtiyac\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcretmek yerine, olu\u015fturulan pazara \u00fcretir oldu ve patronlar\u0131n sat\u0131p kazan\u00e7 elde edece\u011fi yeni bir anlay\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7ildi. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te egemen anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n yerle\u015ftirdi\u011fi yeni akt\u00f6rler sayesinde, roller yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131: Bir yanda \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetini elinde tutan ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131f olu\u015furken di\u011fer yanda eme\u011finin haricinde satacak hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi olmayan kesimler bir s\u0131n\u0131fta topland\u0131. Bu durum i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fu\u015funun habercisiydi. Her ne kadar kula\u011fa ho\u015f gelse de, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fu\u015fu olduk\u00e7a sanc\u0131l\u0131yd\u0131. Emek\u00e7iler varo\u015flara hapsolmu\u015ftu. Fabrikalarda a\u011f\u0131r ko\u015fullarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fccretlere muhta\u00e7 b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yordu. Kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuk eme\u011fi yo\u011fun \u015fekilde kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Karl Marx bu durumu Kapital\u2019de \u015f\u00f6yle ifade etti:
\n\u201cSanayi devrimi ve modern \u00fcretime ge\u00e7ilmesiyle birlikte \u201cahlak\u0131n ve do\u011fan\u0131n, ya\u015f\u0131n ve cinsiyetin, gecenin ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131.\u201d<\/i>
\nY\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc emek\u00e7iler g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 esas\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, haliyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri 16-18 saat aras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiyordu. Karanl\u0131kta paydos edip, g\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131yla birlikte i\u015fine devam ediyordu. Karn\u0131n\u0131 doyuracak kadar maa\u015f al\u0131yor, g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rmeden g\u00fcnlerini ge\u00e7iriyordu. Bu ko\u015fullar i\u00e7erisinde erken ya\u015fta hastal\u0131klar ba\u015f g\u00f6steriyor, \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 40 ya\u015f\u0131na gelmeden \u00f6l\u00fcyordu. <\/b><\/p>\n


\nB\u00f6yle geldi b\u00f6yle gitmez
\n<\/b>Yaln\u0131zca ertesi g\u00fcn yeniden ba\u015flayacak s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in dinlenebilme aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131yan bu anlay\u0131\u015fa dur demek i\u00e7in emek\u00e7iler bir araya geldi. \u0130lk olarak kendi ihtiyat sand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturup, buradan hem gelece\u011fe dair bir g\u00fcvence sa\u011flamak, hem de hastalanan, bak\u0131ma muhta\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara destek verilmesi planlan\u0131yordu. \u00d6nceleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar halinde toplanarak dayan\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7iler, daha sonra sokaklarda boy g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 19.yy\u2019\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na gelindi\u011findeyse b\u00fcy\u00fcyen direni\u015fler, siyasal bir i\u00e7erik ve uluslararas\u0131 boyut kazanacakt\u0131. \u00d6zellikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatlerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin y\u00fckselen talepler i\u00e7in Fransa, Almanya, \u0130ngiltere gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck sanayilerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerde grevler \u00f6rg\u00fctlendi. M\u00fccadelenin artarak devam etti\u011fi bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 Avrupa\u2019yla birlikte Amerika\u2019da da yer ald\u0131. Art\u0131k t\u00fcm sendikalar bildirilerinde, afi\u015flerinde, eylem ve toplant\u0131lar\u0131nda emek\u00e7ilerin temel slogan\u0131 haline gelen; \u201c8 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, 8 saat dinlenme, 8 saat can\u0131m\u0131z ne isterse!\u201d \u015fiar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltiyordu. B\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fccadeleler, \u00f6denen a\u011f\u0131r bedeller ve ya\u015fanan \u00f6l\u00fcmler neticesinde kazan\u0131mlar gelmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn 14-16 saat oldu\u011fu i\u015fkollar\u0131nda bu s\u00fcre 12\u2019ye, 10 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan yerlerde ise 9 saate ve pe\u015finden 8 saate d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Art\u0131k \u00f6zl\u00fck haklar\u0131, toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri gibi kazan\u0131mlar ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar g\u00fcvenceliydi. Bug\u00fcn bir emek\u00e7i, g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nl\u00fcnce tembellik yaparak ge\u00e7irebiliyorsa, bunu, ge\u00e7mi\u015fteki \u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc m\u00fccadelelere bor\u00e7ludur.<\/p>\n

Neoliberal d\u00f6nemde bitmeyen mesailer<\/b><\/p>\n

Kapitalizmin neoliberal d\u00f6neminden ge\u00e7iyoruz. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde bedel \u00f6denerek elde edilen bu b\u00fcy\u00fck kazan\u0131mlar bug\u00fcn birer birer budan\u0131yor. Kamu emek\u00e7ilerine sosyal g\u00fcvencesizlik ve \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeler dayat\u0131l\u0131rken, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6rde esnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma saatleri ile \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lan i\u015f ilanlar\u0131, teknolojik \u201cimk\u00e2nlarla\u201d her an i\u015fe haz\u0131r olma hali dayat\u0131l\u0131yor. Yerle\u015fen ta\u015feronla\u015fma ile art\u0131k; i\u015fi \u00fcstlenen firmalar ve onun ayn\u0131 i\u015fi devretti\u011fi alt firmalar, o alt firmalar\u0131n o i\u015fleri b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ay\u0131r\u0131p payla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer firmalar ve di\u011fer firmalar\u0131n devretti\u011fi \u00f6teki firmalar var. Bu durum ki\u015finin s\u00f6zde \u201ckendi i\u015finin patronu\u201d olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarken, \u201cresmi\u201d olarak g\u00fcvencesizlik halinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131yor ve mesai mevhumu olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden oluyor.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn kavga \u201ctembellik\u201d i\u00e7in\u2026
\n<\/b>Geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda kapitalizmin tarihini, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 m\u00fccadelelerinin tarihi olarak da okuyabiliriz. Buna neden olan unsurlardan bir tanesi de bo\u015f zaman kavgas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada bug\u00fcn tembellik hakk\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde nitelikli bo\u015f zaman\u0131n insan hayat\u0131na hatta i\u015f performans\u0131na sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Hatta kapitalist ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7erisinde olmakla birlikte, bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke i\u015f verimini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in i\u015f saatlerini azaltma yoluna gitti. Deneme ama\u00e7l\u0131 ba\u015flayan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 \u0130sve\u00e7\u2019te olumlu sonu\u00e7 verdi ve i\u015fin gidi\u015fat\u0131nda gerileme g\u00f6zlemlenmedi. Bilakis bir\u00e7ok i\u015f kolunda ilerlemelere de neden olan bu denemede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n motivasyonunun artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Yani m\u00fccadele edilerek ve ko\u015fullar zorlanarak kapitalizm i\u00e7inde dahi emek\u00e7ilere daha fazla bo\u015f zaman sa\u011flanmas\u0131 olas\u0131d\u0131r. Ve bu zaman dilimi de emek\u00e7ilerin k\u00fclt\u00fcr, sanat ve bilimle nitelikli geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, art\u0131k kazan\u0131lamayacak m\u00fccadele yoktur.<\/p>\n

Hele bizimki gibi i\u015fsizli\u011fin ve beyin g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn fazla oldu\u011fu, \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00fcstl\u00fck Akdeniz k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde bir \u00fclkede, gasp edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan 8-8-8 hakk\u0131m\u0131zdan da \u00f6tesini istemeli, daha fazla \u201ctembelli\u011fi\u201d emek m\u00fccadelesinin g\u00fcndemine sokmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Argasdi’nin 61. say\u0131s\u0131nda i\u015fledi\u011fimiz “Tembellik” konusu ve i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tarihsel bir arka planla konu alan makalemiz aktivistimiz Mustafa Batak’\u0131n kaleminden sizlere ula\u015f\u0131yor… T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada oldu\u011fu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":8156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,67,44,9,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/indir.png","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-27x","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8155"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8155"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8155\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8157,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8155\/revisions\/8157"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8156"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8155"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8155"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}