{"id":8544,"date":"2021-12-13T10:15:12","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T08:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=8544"},"modified":"2021-12-13T10:15:12","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T08:15:12","slug":"insanin-oncesinde-kibris-sifa-alcicioglu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/?p=8544","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nsan\u0131n \u00d6ncesinde K\u0131br\u0131s – \u015eifa Al\u00e7\u0131c\u0131o\u011flu"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n birka\u00e7 kere bat\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili halk aras\u0131nda bir mit vard\u0131r. Ka\u00e7 kez okyanuslar\u0131n karanl\u0131k sular\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc bilinmez ama adam\u0131z okyanusun i\u00e7indeki hareketlilikten do\u011fdu asl\u0131nda. Hatta \u00f6yle bir yerde do\u011fdu ki konumu onun hem talihi hem de ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n belas\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Asya, Avrupa ve Afrika aras\u0131nda bulunan co\u011frafi konumu nedeniyle y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca medeniyetlere ev sahipli\u011fi yapan, Akdeniz\u2019in incisi olarak tasvir edilen bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck adan\u0131n hik\u00e2yesi bundan 90 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce ba\u015flad\u0131.(1)<\/p>\n

Milyonlarca y\u0131l s\u00fcrecek olan ser\u00fcvende D\u00fcnya kendini \u015fekillendirmeye ba\u015flarken K\u0131br\u0131s da okyanus hareketlerinden ve k\u0131talar\u0131n \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131p ayr\u0131lmas\u0131ndan nasibini al\u0131p Akdeniz\u2019de kendini var etti. Adadaki ilk ya\u015fam zerreciklerinin bundan 3 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce olu\u015ftu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.(2)<\/p>\n

K\u0131br\u0131s C\u00fcce Fili ve Pigme Suayg\u0131rlar\u0131 <\/b><\/p>\n

Adan\u0131n ilk yerle\u015fimcileriyse insan \u0131rk\u0131 gelene dek bu e\u015fsiz co\u011frafyada \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ya\u015fayan pigme suayg\u0131rlar\u0131 ve c\u00fcce filler olarak biliniyor. Bu hayvanlar\u0131n adaya geli\u015fleriyle ilgili ortaya at\u0131lan tezler ise adan\u0131n hen\u00fcz ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir kara par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi (K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den koparak olu\u015ftu\u011fu tezi) ya da kom\u015fu anakaradan y\u00fczerek geldikleri y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. \u015eimdiki fillerden epey k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olarak tasvir edilen c\u00fcce K\u0131br\u0131s filleri (Cyprus dwarf elephant\u00a0) hakk\u0131ndaki bilgilere kayalar \u00fczerinde bulunan fosiller sayesinde ula\u015fabiliyoruz. M\u00d6. 11,000\u2019e kadar ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen bu filler, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 tonu bulan atalar\u0131\/analar\u0131 mamutlardan ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 3-4 tonu bulan torunlar\u0131n\u0131n torunlar\u0131 fillerden \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckm\u00fc\u015fler. Onlar sadece 200 kg kadarm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcrle ilgili ilk bilgilere, 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Girne tepelerinde bir ma\u011farada t\u00fcr\u00fcn fosille\u015fmi\u015f kemiklerini bulan paleontolog ve arkeozoolojinin \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olarak kabul edilen Dorothea Bate ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f. Hen\u00fcz 22 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken kendi \u00e7abalar\u0131yla ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda Akdeniz adalar\u0131nda rastlanan c\u00fcce fillerden daha farkl\u0131 bir yap\u0131ya sahip oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcre b\u00fcy\u00fck bir heyecan ve onurla \u201cElephas Cypriotes\u201d ismini vermi\u015ftir. (3) \u00a0Bate, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131nda g\u00f6rmezden gelindi\u011fi o y\u0131llarda y\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta bulundu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde s\u0131tmaya yakalanmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, da\u011flardaki ma\u011faralarda, denizle h\u0131rpalanm\u0131\u015f kayal\u0131klarda bilim i\u00e7in soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f t\u00fcrlerin fosille\u015fmi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffederek ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n sonuna dek meslek hayat\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde olmu\u015ftur. (4-5)<\/p>\n

Pigme suayg\u0131rlar\u0131 yani Hipopotamus min\u00f6r (Cyprus dwarf hippopotamus) de ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerde adada ya\u015fayan hayvanlardand\u0131. Adadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck hayvan olarak tabir edilmesine ra\u011fmen boyu sadece 76 cm kadar, kilosu da 200 kg civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. (6) \u0130lk kez 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda 11 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir \u00e7ocuk taraf\u0131ndan bir kaya s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda rastlanan su ayg\u0131r\u0131 kemikleri K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta ilk yerle\u015fimin de ne zaman oldu\u011funa dair ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131yordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ma\u011farada avc\u0131l\u0131kla beslenen ilk insanlar\u0131n bu hayvanlar\u0131 pi\u015firip yedi\u011fine dair izler bulunmu\u015ftur. (7) G\u00fcney K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta bulunan A\u011frotur b\u00f6lgesindeki \u2018Akrotiri \u2013 Aetokremnos\u2019daki kaya s\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u011f\u0131na yerle\u015fen avc\u0131lar\u0131n, hayvanlar\u0131 avlamak i\u00e7in u\u00e7urum kenar\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fckledikten sonra a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fckleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.(8) Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re Aya Napa\u2019da bulunan fosillerde 180 su ayg\u0131r\u0131, 1 fil ve bir yaban kedisi t\u00fcr\u00fc bulundu. (9) K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n kuzeyindeyse c\u00fcce su ayg\u0131r\u0131 kemiklerine Akatu\u2019da (Tatl\u0131su) rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (10)<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar adan\u0131n ger\u00e7ek sahipleri olan soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f bu canl\u0131lar otoburdu ve do\u011fal y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 yoktu. Bu da onlar\u0131n adan\u0131n tek hakimi olmalar\u0131na ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in uzun y\u0131llar ya\u015famalar\u0131na vesile olmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131ca yiyecek ve belki de su s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131, avlanmama gibi etkenler onlar\u0131n c\u00fcce olarak evrimle\u015fmelerine neden olmu\u015f olabilir. Soylar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fckenmesinde insanlar\u0131n pay\u0131 inkar edilemez di\u011fer bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ise iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleridir. \u015eimdilerde insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da iklim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleriyle ilgili b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kriz bekliyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim krizi kap\u0131da<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi buzullar\u0131n eriyip sular\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta yang\u0131nlar ve seller gibi bir\u00e7ok felaketi ya\u015famam\u0131za neden oluyor. Bir zamanlar al\u00e7al\u0131p y\u00fckselen sularla \u015fekillenen D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n olas\u0131 bir iklim krizinden sonra yeniden \u015fekillenebilece\u011fi olas\u0131l\u0131klar aras\u0131nda. \u00dclkemizde de gerek iklimsel gerek de insan eliyle ya\u015fat\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok felaket kap\u0131dan i\u00e7eri girmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ya\u015fanan her felakette do\u011fam\u0131z ve hayvanlar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere kay\u0131plar ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. Bir zamanlar c\u00fcce fillerin ko\u015fturdu\u011fu da\u011f etekleri bug\u00fcn delinen da\u011flar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kaybolmak \u00fczere. C\u00fcce hipopotamlar\u0131n girdi\u011fi sular kirlilikle bo\u011fu\u015fmakta\u2026 B\u00fcy\u00fck sermayenin otelleri denizleri kirletirken, en temiz kabul edilen Karpaz, felaketin e\u015fi\u011finden d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Petrol\u00fcn denize akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde deniz ekosistemi, denizde ya\u015fayan hayat yok olma tehlikesinde. Yang\u0131nlar nedeniyle yok olan a\u011fa\u00e7lar nefes almay\u0131 her g\u00fcn zorla\u015ft\u0131rmakta. Bununla birlikte sermaye-h\u00fck\u00fcmet el ele vererek bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ada yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha da ya\u015fanmaz hale getirmekte. Pe\u015fke\u015f \u00e7ekilen orman ve kamu arazileri, Orman M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc yetkisiyle kesilen as\u0131rl\u0131k efkalipto (okalipt\u00fcs) a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, bir de \u00e7ok gerekliymi\u015f gibi ad\u0131na \u201casil k\u00f6yl\u00fc\u201d denilen heykeli dikme \u00e7abalar\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde Akdeniz ikliminin daha da s\u0131cak ve kurak bir hava getirece\u011fi \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken daha ya\u015fan\u0131r bir d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in herkes kollar\u0131 s\u0131vamal\u0131. Ye\u015fillendirerek, var olan\u0131 koruyarak, yapana kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak, m\u00fccadele ederek var olacak ve ya\u015fataca\u011f\u0131z. Do\u011fam\u0131z i\u00e7in, insanca ya\u015fayabilmek i\u00e7in, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in, haklar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in m\u00fccadeleden ba\u015fka se\u00e7ene\u011fimiz yok. D\u00fcnya denilen gezegenin ufak bir ada par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015fam kavgas\u0131 veriyoruz. Hani derler ya co\u011frafya kaderdir\u2026 Bizim kaderimiz de bundan milyonlarca y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7izilmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f. K\u0131talar hen\u00fcz bir aradayken ve okyanuslar bulan\u0131k \u00e7amurlarla kapl\u0131yken\u2026<\/p>\n

\"c847bd885685f0b9195c5769fe24424f\"<\/a> \"dwarf-hippo-3-1280x734\"<\/a> \"\u0391\u039a\u0391\u039d\u0398\u039f\u03a5<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i><\/p>\n

(1) https:\/\/tabella.org\/2019\/02\/04\/eskiden-buralari-hep-dutluk-degildi-kibris-adasi-nasil-bugunlere-geldi<\/i><\/p>\n

(2) http:\/\/users.metu.edu.tr\/birten\/adacogr.html<\/i><\/p>\n

(3) http:\/\/biodiversitycyprus.blogspot.com\/2016\/01\/cyprus-dwarf-elephant-palaeoloxodon.html<\/i><\/p>\n

(4) https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/blog\/2020\/11\/digging-for-dorothea\/<\/i><\/p>\n

(5) https:\/\/www.irishtimes.com\/culture\/books\/mini-monsters-of-the-med-dorothea-bate-s-spectacular-discoveries-1.3201239<\/i><\/p>\n

(6) https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyprus_dwarf_hippopotamus<\/i><\/p>\n

(7) https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-cyprus-hippos-idUSTRE57I1D820090819<\/i><\/p>\n

(8)<\/i> <\/i>https:\/\/www.yeniduzen.com\/kibris-arkeolojisinde-avcilik-1-86225h.htm<\/i><\/p>\n

(9)<\/i> http:\/\/biodiversitycyprus.blogspot.com\/2016\/01\/dwarf-hippo-and-elephant-fossils-at_99.html<\/i><\/p>\n

(10)<\/i> <\/i>http:\/\/biodiversitycyprus.blogspot.com\/2016\/01\/cyprus-dwarf-hippopotamus-phanourios.html<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131n birka\u00e7 kere bat\u0131p \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ilgili halk aras\u0131nda bir mit vard\u0131r. Ka\u00e7 kez okyanuslar\u0131n karanl\u0131k sular\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc bilinmez ama adam\u0131z okyanusun i\u00e7indeki hareketlilikten do\u011fdu asl\u0131nda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":8547,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[40,67,38,9,42,1,39],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/\u0391\u039a\u0391\u039d\u0398\u039f\u03a5-8.12.2010-18.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4eHWX-2dO","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8544"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8544"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8548,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8544\/revisions\/8548"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/baraka.cc\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}